TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT. ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS………….……………………………………………iii
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study. 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem.. 4
1.3 Objectives of the Study. 5
1.4 Research Questions. 5
1.5 Research Hypothesis. 6
1.6 Significance of the Study. 6
1.7 Scope of the Study. 7
1.8 Limitations of the Study. 7
1.9 Organization of the Study. 8
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Introduction. 10
2.2 Theoretical Review.. 10
2.2.1 Technology-Driven Efficiency Theory. 10
2.2.2 Capacity Building Theory. 11
2.2.3 Innovation Diffusion Theory. 11
2.2.4 Socioeconomic Impact Theory. 11
2.3 Conceptual Review.. 12
2.3.1 Overview.. 12
2.3.2 Digital Technologies Reshaping Design and Planning Processes 13
2.3.3 Improving Construction Efficiency and Project Management 13
2.3.4 Enhancing Sustainability and Environmental Performance 13
2.3.5 Challenges and Opportunities. 14
2.3.6 Addressing Regulatory and Legal Frameworks. 14
2.3.7 Promoting Education and Training Initiatives. 15
2.3.8 Fostering Industry Collaboration and Partnerships. 15
2.4 Empirical Review.. 15
2.5 Summary of Literature Review.. 17
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction. 19
3.2 Research Design. 19
3.3 Study Population. 20
3.4 Sampling Techniques. 20
3.5 Data Collection Methods. 21
3.6 Research Instruments. 21
3.7 Validity and Reliability of Instruments. 22
3.8 Data Analysis Techniques. 22
3.9 Ethical Considerations. 23
3.10 Limitations of the Study. 23
3.11 Summary. 24
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
4.1 Preamble. 25
4.2 Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Respondents. 25
TABLES BASED ON RESEARCH QUESTIONS. 31
4.3 Analysis of the Respondents’ Views on Research Question one: 31
4.4 Testing Hypothesis. 45
4.5 Discussion of Findings. 46
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary of Findings. 49
5.2 Conclusion. 50
5.3 Recommendations. 51
REFERENCES. 53
APPENDICES. 58
Appendix I: Research Questionnaire for the project "The Role of Digital Technologies to Improve Building Design and Construction in Nigeria (A Case Study of Ibom Icon Hotel and Golf Resort)." 58
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) technologies have significantly changed the operational dynamics of many different industries by integrating digitalization and automation into their processes (Aghimien et al. 2022; Sajjad et al., 2023). These technologies are generally referred to as smart technologies because to their ability to execute, supervise, and schedule specific processes autonomously (Hwang et al. 2022). In addition, the incorporation of such sophisticated tools has been associated with higher overall productivity and work efficiency via more innovative processes (Oke and Arowoiya, 2021). In many industries, including business, education, energy, aviation, finance, and healthcare, the adoption of DTs has recently increased (Okafor et al. 2022).
To enable the construction industry to unlock further digital transformations that has been realized in other industries and sectors, it is important to leverage the skills possessed by DTs at the managerial as well as the operational level. This means integrating DTs into project planning, delivery, monitoring, and data analysis, capable of improving project performance, building cost-effectiveness, and creating a safer work environment.
As construction activities continue to contribute negatively to the environment in terms of waste disposal, air, and noise pollution, climate change, the world has called for DTs to address these challenges (Bodenko et al., 2022). Additionally, because of low productivity levels in construction projects, which results from high reliance on manual efforts, inadequate compliance to standards, and poor management of construction projects’ operations (Ibrahim et al., 2022; Yahya et al., 2019), industries need to integrate DTs into related activities or processes.
Recently, Nigeria has experienced a considerable increase in the rate of urbanization and infrastructure development, which consequently has created an increasing demand for the adoption and implementation of new ideas in building architecture. Within this demand, Information technology has become an essential tool that has brought change in the construction industry and efficiency for traditional practices. From visualizations of architecture up to the management of projects they help shape the future of construction in Nigeria significantly.
Digital Building Information Modeling (BIM) is amongst one of the representative technologies for this technological revolution. On the basis of effective digital modelling of buildings, the use of BIM allows architects, engineers and contractors to reduce mistakes and make the most successful choices. The adoption of BIM in Nigeria construction industry has been gradually on the rise and is expected to enhance the performance of construction projects and optimize cost (Oluwatobi et al., 2020). Furthermore, use of GIS in building design provides significant information about site planning, urban design and environmental assessment (Akinola et al., 2019). Such technologies enable stakeholders to make informed decisions because these can facilitate sustainable development in Nigeria given the increasing rate of urbanization.
Moreover, the advent of advanced simulation and modeling software has transformed the way buildings are designed and optimized for energy efficiency and environmental sustainability. By using various tools, such as Computational Fluid Dynamics and energy modeling tools, architects and engineers can analyze different design options depending on cost and efficiency and estimate thermal performance or assess environmental impacts (Ayorinde et al., 2021). This approach also helps to save costs of operations while considering the Nigerian challenge of providing environmentally sustainable infrastructure in today’s world.
In addition, digital technologies are also used in the construction and monitoring phases in addition to the design phases. Real-time tracking of projects with IoT devices and BAS increases the level of proactive decisions, enhances safety standards, and ensures adherence to project timelines (Oyediran et al. 2021). By integrating cloud-based data management and collaboration technologies, stakeholders can improve communication, eliminate logistical problems, and increase output and project efficiency.
With an emphasis on the Ibom Icon Hotel and Golf Resort, this study aims to investigate how digital technologies can enhance building design and construction in Nigeria. The results of this study will contribute valuable insights into how Nigeria's construction sector can use digital tools to spur innovation and improve the general caliber and timeliness of projects.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
The building design and construction sector in Nigeria faces myriad challenges, ranging from inefficient processes to lack of standardized practices, which often lead to delays, cost overruns, and compromised structural integrity. As Nigeria rapidly urbanizes and demands for infrastructure escalate, there is an urgent need to leverage digital technologies to address these issues. However, the adoption of such technologies in the Nigerian construction industry has been slow, primarily due to factors like limited awareness, inadequate infrastructure, and resistance to change among stakeholders. Without embracing digital innovations, Nigeria risks falling behind in delivering sustainable, efficient, and resilient built environments to support its growing population and economic development (Ajayi, 2020; Ojelabi et al., 2018).
Digital technologies offer transformative opportunities throughout the building lifecycle, from conceptualization to maintenance. Building Information Modeling (BIM), for instance, enables collaborative, data-driven design and construction processes, enhancing coordination among stakeholders and reducing errors and rework. Additionally, advanced simulation tools facilitate energy analysis, daylighting studies, and structural performance prediction, aiding in the creation of more sustainable and resilient buildings tailored to Nigeria's climate and environmental conditions. However, the effective implementation of these technologies requires not only investment in software and hardware but also capacity building and regulatory frameworks that encourage their adoption (Ajayi, 2020; Ojelabi et al., 2018).Top of Form
Bottom of Form
1.3 Objectives of the Study
The main objective of the study is to examine the role of digital technologies to improve building design and construction in Nigeria. Specific objectives of the study are:
- Assess the current adoption level and barriers to digital technologies in Nigerian building design and construction.
- Evaluate the potential impact of digital technologies on improving building design and construction efficiency in Nigeria.
- Develop recommendations for promoting the effective use of digital technologies in the Nigerian building sector.
1.4 Research Questions
To guide the study and achieve the objectives of the study, the following research questions were formulated:
- To what extent are different digital technologies currently used across various project stages in Nigerian building projects?
- How can digital technologies like Building Information Modeling (BIM) improve design collaboration, reduce errors, and optimize resource allocation in Nigerian building projects?
- What training programs and capacity-building initiatives are needed to equip Nigerian construction professionals with the skills required to leverage digital technologies effectively?
1.5 Research Hypothesis
The following research hypothesis was developed and tested for the study:
Ho: There is no significant impact of digital technologies on improving building design and construction practices in Nigeria.
1.6 Significance of the Study
The study is important for many reasons. The following are the major stakeholders this paper through its practical and theoretical implications and findings will be of great significance:
Firstly, the paper will benefit major stakeholders and policy makers in the building technology sector. The various analysis, findings and discussions outlined in this paper will serve as a guide in enabling major positive changes in the industry and sub-sectors.
Secondly, the paper is also beneficial to the organizations used for the research. Since first hand data was gotten and analyzed from the organization, they stand a chance to benefit directly from the findings of the study in respect to their various organizations. These findings will fast track growth and enable productivity in the organizations used as a case study.
Finally, the paper will serve as a guide to other researchers willing to research further into the subject matter. Through the conclusions, limitations and gaps identified in the subject matter, other student and independent researchers can have a well laid foundation to conduct further studies.
1.7 Scope of the Study
The study is delimited to Ibom Icon Hotel and Golf Resort. Findings and recommendations from the study reflects the views and opinions of respondents sampled in the area. It may not reflect the entire picture in the population.
1.8 Limitations of the Study
The major limitations of the research study are time, financial constraints and delays from respondents. The researcher had difficulties combining lectures with field work. Financial constraints in form of getting adequate funds and sponsors to print questionnaires, hold Focus group discussions and logistics was recorded. Finally, respondents were a bit reluctant in filling questionnaires and submitting them on time. This delayed the project work a bit.
1.9 Organization of the Study
The study is made up of five (5) Chapters. Chapter one of the study gives a general introduction to the subject matter, background to the problem as well as a detailed problem statement of the research. This chapter also sets the objectives of the paper in motion detailing out the significance and scope of the paper.
Chapter Two of the paper entails the review of related literature with regards to corporate governance and integrated reporting. This chapter outlines the conceptual reviews, theoretical reviews and empirical reviews of the study.
Chapter Three centers on the methodologies applied in the study. A more detailed explanation of the research design, population of the study, sample size and technique, data collection method and analysis is discussed in this chapter.
Chapter Four highlights data analysis and interpretation giving the readers a thorough room for the discussion of the practical and theoretical implications of data analyzed in the study.
Chapter Five outlines the findings, conclusions and recommendations of the study. Based on objectives set out, the researcher concludes the paper by answering all research questions set out in the study.
