Table of Contents
Abstract. 2
CHAPTER ONE.. 5
INTRODUCTION.. 5
1.1 Background to the Study. 5
1.2 Statement of the Problem... 6
1.3 Objectives of the Study. 7
1.4 Research Questions. 8
1.5 Research Hypothesis. 8
1.6 Significance of the Study. 9
1.7 Scope of the Study. 9
1.8 Limitations of the Study. 10
1.9 Organization of the Study. 10
CHAPTER TWO.. 12
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE.. 12
2.1 Introduction.. 12
2.2 Theoretical Review.. 12
2.3 Conceptual Review.. 14
2.4 Empirical Review.. 18
2.5 Summary of Literature Review.. 20
Chapter Three. 21
Research Methodology. 21
3.1 Introduction.. 21
3.2 Research Design.. 21
3.3 Population of the Study. 21
3.4 Sample and Sampling Techniques. 22
3.5 Data Collection Instruments. 22
3.6 Data Collection Procedures. 23
3.7 Validity and Reliability of Instruments. 24
3.8 Data Analysis Techniques. 24
3.9 Ethical Considerations. 25
3.10 Limitations of the Study. 25
3.11 Conclusion.. 25
CHAPTER FOUR.. 26
DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION.. 26
4.2 DATA ANALYSIS.. 26
4.4 Testing Hypothesis. 43
Discussion of Findings. 46
CHAPTER FIVE.. 49
SUMMARY CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS.. 49
5.1 Summary of Findings. 49
5.2 Conclusion.. 50
5.3 Recommendations. 51
REFERENCES.. 52
Research Questionnaire: Transport Challenges in Nigeria (A Case Study of AKTC, Uyo) 55
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
1.1 Background to the Study
Transportation in Nigeria faces a multitude of challenges that significantly impact its efficiency and reliability. With a burgeoning population surpassing 200 million people (World Bank, 2022), Nigeria struggles with inadequate transportation infrastructure, particularly road networks that are often congested and poorly maintained (Ezenekwe, 2019). This infrastructure deficit exacerbates the issue of urban congestion, leading to increased travel times and economic losses due to delays (Akpan, 2020). Additionally, the lack of viable alternatives to road transport, such as efficient rail and waterway systems, further strains the already overburdened road networks (Adebayo & Ogunleye, 2018). Furthermore, issues like inadequate safety measures and the prevalence of informal transport systems contribute to the overall inefficiency and unreliability of Nigeria's transportation sector (Olayinka & Olusanya, 2021).
Moreover, the challenges in Nigeria's transportation sector are intertwined with broader economic and social issues. Inefficient transportation systems hinder economic growth and development by limiting the movement of goods and people, which is crucial for trade and commerce (Aliyu et al., 2020). This situation is particularly detrimental to Nigeria's agricultural sector, as poor transportation infrastructure impedes the timely delivery of agricultural products to markets, resulting in food spoilage and reduced profits for farmers (Alkali & Abubakar, 2019). Furthermore, inadequate transportation contributes to increased transportation costs, which ultimately affect the prices of goods and services, disproportionately impacting low-income individuals (Ezenekwe, 2019).
Addressing the transport challenges in Nigeria requires a multifaceted approach that encompasses policy reforms, infrastructure development, and investment in alternative modes of transportation. Government intervention is crucial in providing the necessary funding and regulatory frameworks to improve transportation infrastructure and ensure its sustainability (Olayinka & Olusanya, 2021). Additionally, there is a need for greater collaboration between the public and private sectors to foster innovation and investment in transportation technologies and solutions (Akpan, 2020). Furthermore, initiatives aimed at promoting sustainable transportation practices, such as the expansion of public transportation systems and the integration of non-motorized modes of transport, can help alleviate the strain on Nigeria's road networks and mitigate environmental impacts (Adebayo & Ogunleye, 2018).
1.2 Statement of the Problem
In Nigeria, the persistent challenges within the transportation sector pose significant obstacles to economic growth, social development, and overall wellbeing. With a rapidly growing population exceeding 200 million, urban congestion, inadequate infrastructure, and inefficient transportation systems have become pressing issues. The lack of reliable and accessible transportation options not only hinders the mobility of goods and people but also exacerbates socioeconomic disparities, particularly in rural areas where access to essential services and markets is limited (World Bank, 2020). Furthermore, the transportation sector's inefficiencies contribute to increased pollution levels, environmental degradation, and heightened road safety risks, impacting public health and sustainable development goals (Acheampong & Owusu, 2019).
As the demand for transportation services continues to rise alongside population growth and urbanization, Nigeria grapples with the need for comprehensive reforms to address systemic challenges. Decades of underinvestment, insufficient maintenance, and policy inertia have resulted in a dilapidated infrastructure network that fails to meet the demands of a rapidly evolving society (World Bank, 2020). Moreover, the prevalence of informal transportation systems, such as motorcycles and minibusses, often operating outside regulatory frameworks, further compounds safety concerns and exacerbates congestion issues, particularly in urban centers (Acheampong & Owusu, 2019). Addressing these multifaceted challenges requires a holistic approach encompassing infrastructure development, regulatory reforms, and investment incentives to foster a sustainable and inclusive transportation ecosystem.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
The main objective of the study is to examine Transport challenges in Nigeria. Specific objectives of the study are:
- To assess the impact of road quality on traffic congestion in major Nigerian cities.
- To evaluate the potential of developing water transportation for freight movement in Nigeria.
- To analyze public perceptions of safety and affordability in relation to different transportation modes in Nigerian cities.
1.4 Research Questions
To guide the study and achieve the objectives of the study, the following research questions were formulated:
- To what extent does the condition of roads contribute to traffic congestion in Lagos, Kano and Port Harcourt?
- What are the current challenges and opportunities associated with using inland waterways
For commercial cargo transportation?
- How do residents of Abuja, Ibadan, and Kaduna perceive the safety and reliability of public bus transportation compared to ride-hailing services?
1.5 Research Hypothesis
The following research hypothesis was developed and tested for the study:
Ho: There is no significant relationship between transportation infrastructure and the challenges faced by the Nigerian transportation system.
1.6 Significance of the Study
The study is important for many reasons. The following are the major stakeholders this paper through its practical and theoretical implications and findings will be of great significance:
Firstly, the paper will benefit major stakeholders and policy makers in the Transport and Logistics sector. The various analysis, findings and discussions outlined in this paper will serve as a guide in enabling major positive changes in the industry and sub-sectors.
Secondly, the paper is also beneficial to the organizations used for the research. Since first hand data was gotten and analysed from the organization, they stand a chance to benefit directly from the findings of the study in respect to their various organizations. These findings will fast track growth and enable productivity in the organisations used as a case study.
Finally, the paper will serve as a guide to other researchers willing to research further into the subject matter. Through the conclusions, limitations and gaps identified in the subject matter, other student and independent researchers can have a well laid foundation to conduct further studies.
1.7 Scope of the Study
The study is delimited to AKTC, Uyo. Findings and recommendations from the study reflects the views and opinions of respondents sampled in the area. It may not reflect the entire picture in the population.
1.8 Limitations of the Study
The major limitations of the research study are time, financial constraints and delays from respondents. The researcher had difficulties combining lectures with field work. Financial constraints in form of getting adequate funds and sponsors to print questionnaires, hold Focus group discussions and logistics was recorded. Finally, respondents were a bit reluctant in filling questionnaires and submitting them on time. This delayed the project work a bit.
1.9 Organization of the Study
The study is made up of five (5) Chapters. Chapter one of the study gives a general introduction to the subject matter, background to the problem as well as a detailed problem statement of the research. This chapter also sets the objectives of the paper in motion detailing out the significance and scope of the paper.
Chapter Two of the paper entails the review of related literature with regards to corporate governance and integrated reporting. This chapter outlines the conceptual reviews, theoretical reviews and empirical reviews of the study.
Chapter Three centers on the methodologies applied in the study. A more detailed explanation of the research design, population of the study, sample size and technique, data collection method and analysis is discussed in this chapter.
Chapter Four highlights data analysis and interpretation giving the readers a thorough room for the discussion of the practical and theoretical implications of data analyzed in the study.
Chapter Five outlines the findings, conclusions and recommendations of the study. Based on objectives set out, the researcher concludes the paper by answering all research questions set out in the study.
