Table of Contents
Abstract. 2
CHAPTER ONE.. 5
INTRODUCTION.. 5
1.1 Background to the Study.. 5
1.2 Statement of the Problem... 6
1.3 Objectives of the Study.. 7
1.4 Research Questions. 8
1.5 Research Hypothesis. 8
1.6 Significance of the Study.. 9
1.7 Scope of the Study.. 9
1.8 Limitations of the Study.. 10
1.9 Organization of the Study.. 10
1.10 Definition of Terms. 11
CHAPTER TWO.. 14
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE.. 14
2.1 Introduction.. 14
2.2 Theoretical Review.. 14
2.2.1 Cultural Theory. 14
2.2.2 Economic Theory. 15
2.2.3 Institutional Theory. 15
2.2.4 Globalization Theory. 16
2.3 Conceptual Review.. 16
2.4 Empirical Review.. 20
2.5 Summary of Literature Review.. 22
Chapter Three.. 23
Research Methodology.. 23
3.1 Introduction.. 23
3.2 Research Design.. 23
3.3 Study Area.. 24
3.4 Population of the Study.. 24
3.5 Sample Size and Sampling Techniques. 25
3.6 Data Collection Methods. 25
3.7 Data Analysis Procedures. 26
3.8 Ethical Considerations. 27
3.9 Limitations of the Study.. 27
3.10 Conclusion.. 28
CHAPTER FOUR.. 29
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION.. 29
4.1 Preamble.. 29
4.2 Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Respondents. 29
TABLES BASED ON RESEARCH QUESTIONS.. 34
4.3 Analysis of the Respondents’ Views on Research Question one:. 34
4.4 Testing Hypothesis. 46
Discussion of Findings. 49
CHAPTER FIVE.. 53
SUMMARY CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS.. 53
5.1 Summary of Findings. 53
5.2 Conclusion.. 54
5.3 Recommendations. 54
REFERENCES.. 56
Research Questionnaire.. 58
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
Developing professional theater in Nigeria presents a complex landscape rich with challenges and opportunities. This essay explores the multifaceted dynamics that shape the theatrical scene in Nigeria, highlighting both the obstacles hindering its growth and the promising avenues for advancement. As of July 2024, Nigeria stands at a critical juncture in its cultural development, where traditional practices intersect with modern aspirations, influencing the trajectory of professional theater.
Nigeria's theater industry grapples with significant challenges, foremost among them being financial constraints. Limited funding and investment opportunities curtail the production quality and scope of theatrical endeavors (Ogunleye, 2023). Moreover, infrastructural deficiencies, such as inadequate theater facilities and technical resources, hamper the staging of professional productions (Oloko, 2022). These obstacles underscore the need for strategic interventions to bolster the infrastructure and financial viability of Nigerian theater.
In contrast, Nigeria's rich cultural heritage offers abundant opportunities for theatrical innovation and storytelling. The country's diverse ethnic groups contribute a wealth of narratives, traditions, and performance styles that can be harnessed to create unique theatrical experiences (Onyeoziri, 2021). Furthermore, the burgeoning interest in Nigerian arts and culture globally presents a lucrative avenue for expanding the reach of Nigerian theater beyond national borders (Adeyanju, 2020).
The socio-political landscape also shapes the development of professional theater in Nigeria. Issues such as censorship and government policies impact artistic freedom and the thematic choices available to Nigerian playwrights and directors (Okoye, 2023). However, these challenges have sparked resilience within the industry, with artists often using theater as a platform for social commentary and advocacy (Obi, 2022).
1.2 Statement of the Problem
As of July 2024, developing professional theater in Nigeria faces multifaceted challenges that hinder its growth and sustainability. Financial constraints emerge as a significant barrier, with limited funding opportunities stifling the production quality and scale of theatrical productions (Ogunleye, 2023). The lack of adequate theater infrastructure further exacerbates these challenges, impacting the ability to stage performances effectively and attract audiences (Oloko, 2022). Moreover, the socio-political environment in Nigeria introduces complexities such as censorship and government policies that restrict artistic freedom and influence the thematic choices available to theater practitioners (Okoye, 2023). These issues collectively impede the professionalization and expansion of the theater industry in Nigeria, necessitating strategic interventions and innovative approaches to overcome them.
Amidst these challenges, however, lie significant opportunities for the development of Nigerian theater. The country's rich cultural diversity offers a vast repository of stories, traditions, and performance styles that can be tapped into to create compelling and authentic theatrical experiences (Onyeoziri, 2021). Furthermore, the growing global interest in Nigerian arts and culture presents an opportunity to expand the reach of Nigerian theater beyond national borders, potentially attracting international collaborations and audiences (Adeyanju, 2020). By harnessing these cultural assets and leveraging international partnerships, Nigerian theater can enhance its visibility, sustainability, and artistic impact on a global scale.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
The main objective of the study is to examine the challenges and opportunities of developing professional theater in Nigeria. Specific objectives of the study are:
- To identify and analyze the primary challenges hindering the growth and sustainability of professional theater in Nigeria.
- To explore the potential opportunities for developing a thriving professional theater industry in Nigeria, including identifying untapped markets and target audiences.
- To develop a strategic framework for addressing the identified challenges and maximizing the opportunities for the growth of professional theater in Nigeria.
1.4 Research Questions
To guide the study and achieve the objectives of the study, the following research questions were formulated:
- What are the most significant economic, social, and cultural challenges faced by professional theater practitioners in Nigeria?
- How can the Nigerian government, private sector, and civil society collaborate to create a supportive ecosystem for professional theater development?
- What are the emerging trends and opportunities in the Nigerian theater landscape, and how can these be leveraged to create sustainable business models for theater productions?
1.5 Research Hypothesis
The following research hypothesis was developed and tested for the study:
Ho: There is no significant relationship between the challenges faced and the opportunities available in developing professional theater in Nigeria.
1.6 Significance of the Study
The study is important for many reasons. The following are the major stakeholders this paper through its practical and theoretical implications and findings will be of great significance:
Firstly, the paper will benefit major stakeholders and policy makers in the Theatre Art sector. The various analysis, findings and discussions outlined in this paper will serve as a guide in enabling major positive changes in the industry and sub-sectors.
Secondly, the paper is also beneficial to the organizations used for the research. Since first hand data was gotten and analysed from the organization, they stand a chance to benefit directly from the findings of the study in respect to their various organizations. These findings will fast track growth and enable productivity in the organisations used as a case study.
Finally, the paper will serve as a guide to other researchers willing to research further into the subject matter. Through the conclusions, limitations and gaps identified in the subject matter, other student and independent researchers can have a well laid foundation to conduct further studies.
1.7 Scope of the Study
The study is delimited to National Theatre Complex, Lagos. Findings and recommendations from the study reflects the views and opinions of respondents sampled in the area. It may not reflect the entire picture in the population.
1.8 Limitations of the Study
The major limitations of the research study are time, financial constraints and delays from respondents. The researcher had difficulties combining lectures with field work. Financial constraints in form of getting adequate funds and sponsors to print questionnaires, hold Focus group discussions and logistics was recorded. Finally, respondents were a bit reluctant in filling questionnaires and submitting them on time. This delayed the project work a bit.
1.9 Organization of the Study
The study is made up of five (5) Chapters. Chapter one of the study gives a general introduction to the subject matter, background to the problem as well as a detailed problem statement of the research. This chapter also sets the objectives of the paper in motion detailing out the significance and scope of the paper.
Chapter Two of the paper entails the review of related literature with regards to corporate governance and integrated reporting. This chapter outlines the conceptual reviews, theoretical reviews and empirical reviews of the study.
Chapter Three centers on the methodologies applied in the study. A more detailed explanation of the research design, population of the study, sample size and technique, data collection method and analysis is discussed in this chapter.
Chapter Four highlights data analysis and interpretation giving the readers a thorough room for the discussion of the practical and theoretical implications of data analyzed in the study.
Chapter Five outlines the findings, conclusions and recommendations of the study. Based on objectives set out, the researcher concludes the paper by answering all research questions set out in the study.
1.10 Definition of Terms
1. Professional Theater
Refers to theatrical performances and productions conducted with high artistic standards and undertaken as a livelihood, involving trained actors, directors, designers, and production teams who aim to entertain, educate, and engage audiences professionally.
2. Cultural Heritage
The inherited customs, beliefs, arts, and traditions passed down through generations within a society or community, which form the foundational elements of Nigerian theater and contribute to its richness and diversity.
3. Socio-Economic Challenges
Refers to the obstacles arising from economic disparities, funding constraints, and infrastructural limitations that impact the development and sustainability of professional theater in Nigeria, influencing aspects such as production quality, accessibility, and livelihoods of theater practitioners.
4. Political Dynamics
Encompasses the influences of governmental policies, regulations, and political stability on Nigerian theater, including issues of funding allocation, censorship, artistic freedom, and the broader cultural policies that shape the operational environment for theater professionals.
5. Technological Advancements
Pertains to the integration of digital platforms, virtual technologies, and online distribution channels within Nigerian theater, influencing audience engagement, production methods, and the accessibility of theatrical performances in an increasingly digital age.
6. Cultural Exchange
Involves the interaction and collaboration between Nigerian theater practitioners and international communities or cultural entities, fostering cross-cultural understanding, artistic innovation, and global visibility for Nigerian theatrical productions.
7. Sustainability
Refers to the capacity of Nigerian theater to maintain long-term viability and relevance through effective management of resources, strategic planning, community engagement, and the adoption of sustainable funding models that ensure continued growth and development within the sector.
