Table of Contents
Abstract. 2
CHAPTER ONE.. 5
INTRODUCTION.. 5
1.1 Background to the Study.. 5
1.2 Statement of the Problem... 7
1.3 Objectives of the Study.. 8
1.4 Research Questions. 8
1.5 Research Hypothesis. 9
1.6 Significance of the Study.. 9
1.7 Scope of the Study.. 10
1.8 Limitations of the Study.. 10
1.9 Organization of the Study.. 11
CHAPTER TWO.. 13
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE.. 13
2.1 Introduction.. 13
2.2 Theoretical Review.. 13
2.3 Conceptual Review.. 15
2.4 Empirical Review.. 18
2.5 2.5 Summary of Literature Review.. 20
Chapter Three.. 21
Research Methodology.. 21
Introduction.. 21
Research Design.. 21
Population.. 21
Sample Size and Sampling Techniques. 22
Data Collection Methods. 22
Research Instruments. 22
Validity and Reliability of Instruments. 23
Data Analysis Techniques. 23
Ethical Considerations. 23
Conclusion.. 24
CHAPTER FOUR.. 25
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION.. 25
4.1 Preamble.. 25
4.2 Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Respondents. 25
TABLES BASED ON RESEARCH QUESTIONS.. 29
4.3 Analysis of the Respondents’ Views on Research Question one:. 29
CHAPTER FIVE.. 47
SUMMARY CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS.. 47
5.1 Introduction.. 47
5.2 Conclusion.. 50
5.3 Recommendations. 50
REFERENCES.. 54
Research Questionnaire.. 56
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
The dynamic interplay between social norms and individual behavior is a fascinating area of study, especially within the context of Nigeria, a country with a rich cultural tapestry and diverse social landscapes. Social norms, defined as shared expectations and rules that guide behavior within a society, play a pivotal role in shaping individual actions, decisions, and attitudes. Understanding this intricate relationship is crucial for comprehending the nuances of social interactions and their impact on various aspects of Nigerian society, including education, politics, and economic activities. Achebe, C. (1958)
In Nigeria, a nation known for its cultural diversity and heterogeneous society, social norms serve as a powerful force in influencing individual behavior. These norms are deeply rooted in traditions, religious beliefs, and historical practices, creating a complex web that individuals navigate in their daily lives. This interdependence between social norms and individual behavior is evident in various spheres, from the importance placed on communal values to the adherence to traditional gender roles. Exploring how these norms shape individual behavior can provide valuable insights into the mechanisms that govern social order and cohesion in Nigerian communities. Adichie, C. N. (2013).
Several scholars have delved into the intricate relationship between social norms and individual behavior in Nigeria. Works by authors such as Chinua Achebe, Wole Soyinka, and Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie offer literary perspectives that highlight the influence of cultural norms on characters' actions and decisions. Additionally, academic studies by sociologists like Raufu Mustapha and anthropologists like Victor C. Uchendu provide empirical insights into the ways social norms impact various aspects of Nigerian society. These diverse sources contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the complex interplay between social norms and individual behavior in the Nigerian context. Mustapha, R. (2006).
As Nigeria undergoes rapid social, economic, and political transformations, the examination of the relationship between social norms and individual behavior becomes increasingly relevant. The insights gained from such investigations can inform policy decisions, interventions, and societal development strategies that respect and incorporate the diverse cultural fabric of Nigeria. This introduction sets the stage for a nuanced exploration of the intricate dynamics that shape individual behavior within the framework of social norms in Nigeria, offering a foundation for further research and analysis. Soyinka, W. (1960).
1.2 Statement of the Problem
The relationship between social norms and individual behavior in Nigeria poses a multifaceted and intriguing challenge for scholars and policymakers alike. While Nigeria's rich cultural diversity and traditional values have long served as cornerstones of social cohesion, the impact of these norms on contemporary individual behavior is not fully understood. There is a pressing need to unravel the complexities surrounding how ingrained social norms influence various facets of individual decision-making, particularly in the face of rapid socio-economic changes and globalization. The question of whether these norms act as facilitators or constraints to individual agency, especially in areas such as gender roles, education, and political participation, remains a critical puzzle that demands closer examination. Achebe, C. (1958)
Moreover, as Nigeria undergoes significant transformations in its political landscape, economic structures, and technological advancements, understanding the evolving nature of the relationship between social norms and individual behavior becomes paramount. This is particularly crucial for informing targeted interventions and policy frameworks that respect the cultural fabric of the nation while fostering positive societal development. Recognizing and addressing potential tensions between traditional norms and the aspirations of modern, diverse populations is essential for cultivating a harmonious and adaptive social environment in Nigeria. Thus, the 1.2 Statement of the Problem centers on the need to comprehensively explore the intricate dynamics that govern the interplay between social norms and individual behavior, considering the implications for social harmony, equity, and progress in contemporary Nigerian society. Adichie, C. N. (2013).
1.3 Objectives of the Study
The main objective of the study is to examine the relationship between social norms and individual behavior in Nigeria. Specific objectives of the study are:
- 1. To understand the influence of diverse social norms on specific individual behaviors across different regions and subcultures in Nigeria.
- 2. To analyze the mechanisms through which social norms are internalized, reinforced, and potentially challenged by individuals in Nigerian society.
- To explore the potential applications of understanding the social norm-individual behavior relationship for promoting positive social change in Nigeria.
1.4 Research Questions
To guide the study and achieve the objectives of the study, the following research questions were formulated:
- How do traditional gender norms regarding household decision-making influence women's economic participation and financial autonomy in different regions of Nigeria?
- What role do formal and informal institutions (e.g., religious bodies, media, educational systems) play in transmitting and reinforcing social norms in Nigeria?
- How can insights into the social determinants of behavior inform the design of effective interventions for tackling prevalent social issues (e.g., corruption, gender inequality, health disparities) in Nigeria?
1.5 Research Hypothesis
The following research hypothesis was developed and tested for the study:
Ho: There is no statistical significant relationship between social norms and individual behavior in Nigeria.
1.6 Significance of the Study
The study is important for many reasons. The following are the major stakeholders this paper through its practical and theoretical implications and findings will be of great significance:
Firstly, the paper will benefit major stakeholders and policy makers in the Sociology sector. The various analysis, findings and discussions outlined in this paper will serve as a guide in enabling major positive changes in the industry and sub-sectors.
Secondly, the paper is also beneficial to the organizations used for the research. Since first hand data was gotten and analysed from the organization, they stand a chance to benefit directly from the findings of the study in respect to their various organizations. These findings will fast track growth and enable productivity in the organisations used as a case study.
Finally, the paper will serve as a guide to other researchers willing to research further into the subject matter. Through the conclusions, limitations and gaps identified in the subject matter, other student and independent researchers can have a well laid foundation to conduct further studies.
1.7 Scope of the Study
The study is delimited to Warri South. Findings and recommendations from the study reflects the views and opinions of respondents sampled in the area. It may not reflect the entire picture in the population.
1.8 Limitations of the Study
The major limitations of the research study are time, financial constraints and delays from respondents. The researcher had difficulties combining lectures with field work. Financial constraints in form of getting adequate funds and sponsors to print questionnaires, hold Focus group discussions and logistics was recorded. Finally, respondents were a bit reluctant in filling questionnaires and submitting them on time. This delayed the project work a bit.
1.9 Organization of the Study
The study is made up of five (5) Chapters. Chapter one of the study gives a general introduction to the subject matter, background to the problem as well as a detailed problem statement of the research. This chapter also sets the objectives of the paper in motion detailing out the significance and scope of the paper.
Chapter Two of the paper entails the review of related literature with regards to corporate governance and integrated reporting. This chapter outlines the conceptual reviews, theoretical reviews and empirical reviews of the study.
Chapter Three centers on the methodologies applied in the study. A more detailed explanation of the research design, population of the study, sample size and technique, data collection method and analysis is discussed in this chapter.
Chapter Four highlights data analysis and interpretation giving the readers a thorough room for the discussion of the practical and theoretical implications of data analyzed in the study.
Chapter Five outlines the findings, conclusions and recommendations of the study. Based on objectives set out, the researcher concludes the paper by answering all research questions set out in the study.
