Table of Contents
ABSTRACT.. 2
CHAPTER ONE.. 5
INTRODUCTION.. 5
1.1 Background to the Study. 5
1.2 Statement of the Problem... 7
1.3 Objectives of the Study. 8
1.4 Research Questions. 8
1.5 Research Hypothesis. 9
1.6 Significance of the Study. 9
1.7 Scope of the Study. 10
1.8 Limitations of the Study. 10
1.9 Organization of the Study. 10
CHAPTER TWO.. 13
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE.. 13
2.1 Introduction.. 13
2.2 Theoretical Review.. 13
2.3 Conceptual Review.. 15
2.4 Empirical Review.. 19
2.5 Summary of Literature Review.. 20
Chapter Three. 21
Research Methodology. 21
3.1 Area of Study. 21
3.2 Population of the Study. 22
3.3 Research Design.. 22
3.4 Data Collection Methods. 22
3.5 Sample Selection.. 23
3.6 Data Analysis Techniques. 23
3.7 ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS.. 24
3.8 LIMITATIONS.. 25
4.3 TABLES BASED ON RESEARCH QUESTIONS.. 29
4.3.1 Analysis of the Respondents’ Views on Research Question one:. 29
CHAPTER FIVE.. 43
SUMMARY CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION.. 43
5.1 Summary of Findings. 43
5.2 Conclusion.. 44
5.3 Recommendations. 44
REFERENCES.. 46
Research Questionnaire: The Impact of Land Use Planning on Urban Development in Nigeria (A Case Study of Calabar Metropolis). 49
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
1.1 Background to the Study
Urban development in Nigeria is a subject of immense importance given the country's rapid urbanization rate and the associated challenges. Land use planning plays a pivotal role in shaping the trajectory of urban development, influencing everything from infrastructure to social dynamics. In Nigeria, where urbanization is occurring at an unprecedented pace, the impact of land use planning on urban development is particularly significant. This essay aims to explore the multifaceted relationship between land use planning and urban development in Nigeria, examining how various planning strategies have influenced the spatial, economic, and social dimensions of urban areas across the country. Oluwadiya, K. S., & Uyovbisere, E. O. (2019).
One key aspect of the impact of land use planning on urban development in Nigeria is its role in managing urban sprawl and promoting sustainable growth. As cities expand rapidly, effective land use planning strategies are essential for curbing sprawl, preserving valuable agricultural land, and preventing environmental degradation. Additionally, land use planning can foster more compact and efficient urban forms, enhancing access to services and reducing infrastructure costs. However, the effectiveness of these strategies is contingent upon the enforcement of planning regulations and the integration of diverse stakeholder perspectives. Ukpere, W. I., & Chirisa, I. (2014).
Furthermore, the socio-economic implications of land use planning decisions cannot be understated. In Nigeria, where informal settlements abound and social inequalities are pronounced, land use planning has the potential to either exacerbate or mitigate existing disparities. By prioritizing inclusive planning processes and equitable distribution of resources, planners can contribute to more just and cohesive urban environments. Moreover, strategic land use planning can stimulate economic growth by attracting investment, promoting job creation, and enhancing the overall quality of life for urban residents. Alalade, F., Aduwo, E. B., & Adeboyejo, D. R. (2018).
Nevertheless, the impact of land use planning on urban development in Nigeria is subject to various challenges and constraints. Limited institutional capacity, corruption, and inadequate infrastructure pose significant barriers to effective planning implementation. Moreover, conflicting interests among stakeholders often hinder consensus-building and compromise the integrity of planning decisions. Addressing these challenges requires concerted efforts to strengthen governance mechanisms, enhance public participation, and build capacity within planning institutions. By addressing these issues, Nigeria can harness the full potential of land use planning to foster sustainable, inclusive, and resilient urban development. Olusegun, M. (2016).
1.2 Statement of the Problem
The impact of land use planning on urban development in Nigeria presents a multifaceted problem that necessitates thorough examination. One significant issue is the proliferation of informal settlements and unplanned urban sprawl, which undermine the efficiency and sustainability of urban areas. Despite the existence of land use planning frameworks, their implementation often falls short, leading to haphazard development characterized by inadequate infrastructure, environmental degradation, and social inequality. This problem is compounded by challenges such as weak institutional capacity, corruption, and conflicting interests among stakeholders, which impede effective planning and exacerbate urban development issues. Oluwadiya, K. S., & Uyovbisere, E. O. (2019).
Another critical aspect of the problem lies in the lack of inclusivity and community engagement in the planning process. Many urban development initiatives in Nigeria are top-down, failing to incorporate the perspectives and needs of local communities. As a result, planning decisions may not align with the realities and aspirations of urban residents, leading to resistance, marginalization, and ultimately, ineffective implementation. Moreover, the exclusion of marginalized groups, such as the urban poor and informal settlers, perpetuates social disparities and undermines efforts to achieve sustainable and equitable urban development. Addressing these issues requires a comprehensive understanding of the complexities surrounding land use planning in Nigeria and a concerted effort to enhance governance mechanisms, promote transparency, and prioritize community participation in the planning process. Ukpere, W. I., & Chirisa, I. (2014).
1.3 Objectives of the Study
The main objective of the study is to examine the impact of land use planning on urban development in Nigeria. Specific objectives of the study are:
- 1. To assess the effectiveness of existing land use plans in promoting sustainable development
- 2. To analyze the influence of land ownership and governance on land use planning implementation
- To evaluate the impact of land use planning on access to housing and basic services for different socio-economic group.
1.4 Research Questions
To guide the study and achieve the objectives of the study, the following research questions were formulated:
- To what extent do current land use plans in Nigerian cities integrate principles of environmental protection, economic development, and social equity?
- How do informal land tenure systems and customary land rights impact the implementation of land use plans in Nigerian cities?
- Does land use planning in Nigerian cities ensure equitable access to affordable housing and essential services for all residents?
1.5 Research Hypothesis
The following research hypothesis was developed and tested for the study:
Ho: There is no statistical significant relationship between land and planning on urban development in Nigeria.
1.6 Significance of the Study
The study is important for many reasons. The following are the major stakeholders this paper through its practical and theoretical implications and findings will be of great significance:
Firstly, the paper will benefit major stakeholders and policy makers in the Estate Management sector. The various analysis, findings and discussions outlined in this paper will serve as a guide in enabling major positive changes in the industry and sub-sectors.
Secondly, the paper is also beneficial to the organizations used for the research. Since first hand data was gotten and analysed from the organization, they stand a chance to benefit directly from the findings of the study in respect to their various organizations. These findings will fast track growth and enable productivity in the organisations used as a case study.
Finally, the paper will serve as a guide to other researchers willing to research further into the subject matter. Through the conclusions, limitations and gaps identified in the subject matter, other student and independent researchers can have a well laid foundation to conduct further studies.
1.7 Scope of the Study
The study is delimited to Calabar Metropolis. Findings and recommendations from the study reflects the views and opinions of respondents sampled in the area. It may not reflect the entire picture in the population.
1.8 Limitations of the Study
The major limitations of the research study are time, financial constraints and delays from respondents. The researcher had difficulties combining lectures with field work. Financial constraints in form of getting adequate funds and sponsors to print questionnaires, hold Focus group discussions and logistics was recorded. Finally, respondents were a bit reluctant in filling questionnaires and submitting them on time. This delayed the project work a bit.
1.9 Organization of the Study
The study is made up of five (5) Chapters. Chapter one of the study gives a general introduction to the subject matter, background to the problem as well as a detailed problem statement of the research. This chapter also sets the objectives of the paper in motion detailing out the significance and scope of the paper.
Chapter Two of the paper entails the review of related literature with regards to corporate governance and integrated reporting. This chapter outlines the conceptual reviews, theoretical reviews and empirical reviews of the study.
Chapter Three centers on the methodologies applied in the study. A more detailed explanation of the research design, population of the study, sample size and technique, data collection method and analysis is discussed in this chapter.
Chapter Four highlights data analysis and interpretation giving the readers a thorough room for the discussion of the practical and theoretical implications of data analyzed in the study.
Chapter Five outlines the findings, conclusions and recommendations of the study. Based on objectives set out, the researcher concludes the paper by answering all research questions set out in the study.
