CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
The impact of climate change on urban growth and development in Nigeria has become a critical area of concern, given the country's rapid urbanization and vulnerability to climate-related challenges. Nigeria, Africa's most populous nation, is experiencing unprecedented urbanization rates, with its urban population projected to double by 2050. This surge in urbanization, coupled with the effects of climate change, poses significant challenges to sustainable urban development. Climate change-related phenomena such as extreme weather events, sea-level rise, and temperature variations are already exerting profound impacts on Nigeria's urban areas, affecting infrastructure, livelihoods, and environmental sustainability. Adelaja, Oluwafemi and Morenike Alaka. (2020).
The consequences of climate change on urban growth in Nigeria are multifaceted. Rapid urbanization exacerbates environmental degradation and increases the vulnerability of urban populations to climate-related risks. Infrastructure such as roads, bridges, and buildings are increasingly susceptible to damage from extreme weather events like floods and storms, leading to disruptions in economic activities and hindering urban development efforts. Moreover, the impacts of climate change disproportionately affect vulnerable communities within Nigerian cities, exacerbating social inequalities and hindering efforts to achieve inclusive and sustainable urban development. Ayeni, B., Ajibola, O., & Awomeso, J. (2018).
Addressing the challenges posed by climate change on urban growth and development in Nigeria requires a comprehensive understanding of the complex interactions between climate change, urbanization, and socio-economic factors. Sustainable urban planning and development strategies that integrate climate resilience measures are crucial for mitigating the adverse impacts of climate change on Nigerian cities. Furthermore, enhancing adaptive capacity and promoting community-based approaches to climate change adaptation are essential for building resilience among urban populations. Collaborative efforts involving government agencies, urban planners, researchers, civil society organizations, and local communities are imperative for fostering climate-resilient urban development in Nigeria. Fasona, M. (2017).Top of Form
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1.2 Statement of the Problem
The impact of climate change on urban growth and development in Nigeria presents a multifaceted challenge with far-reaching consequences. Rapid urbanization coupled with climate variability and extreme weather events pose significant threats to the sustainability and resilience of urban areas across the country. As temperatures rise and weather patterns become more erratic, cities in Nigeria face heightened risks of flooding, water scarcity, heatwaves, and other climate-related hazards, exacerbating existing vulnerabilities and impeding socio-economic progress. Moreover, inadequate urban planning, weak infrastructure, and limited resources further amplify the negative impacts of climate change, placing strains on public health, infrastructure, and livelihoods, particularly in low-income communities. Adelaja, Oluwafemi and Morenike Alaka. (2020).
Addressing the intersection of climate change and urban growth in Nigeria demands comprehensive strategies that integrate climate adaptation and mitigation measures into urban planning and development policies. There is an urgent need for enhanced resilience-building efforts, including improved infrastructure, sustainable land use planning, and community-based adaptation initiatives to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change on urban areas. Moreover, fostering collaboration between government agencies, civil society organizations, and the private sector is essential to mobilize resources, raise awareness, and implement effective solutions that promote sustainable urban development in the face of climate change pressures. By adopting proactive measures and fostering climate-resilient urban environments, Nigeria can mitigate the impacts of climate change, safeguard livelihoods, and foster inclusive and sustainable urban development for future generations. Ayeni, B., Ajibola, O., & Awomeso, J. (2018).Top of Form
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1.3 Objectives of the Study
The main objective of the study is to examine the impact of climate change on urban growth and development in Nigeria. Specific objectives of the study are:
- 1. To evaluate the effects of rising temperatures on urban infrastructure and public health
- 2. To analyze climate change-induced displacement and its impact on urban growth patterns
- To assess adaptation and mitigation strategies in urban planning
1.4 Research Questions
To guide the study and achieve the objectives of the study, the following research questions were formulated:
- How do extreme heat events, exacerbated by climate change, affect the longevity and functionality of critical infrastructure in Nigerian cities?
- How does the increased frequency and intensity of flooding and droughts in rural areas contribute to displacement and accelerated urbanization in Nigeria?
- How effective are current urban planning policies and practices in Nigeria at incorporating climate resilience and adaptation measures?
1.5 Research Hypothesis
The following research hypothesis was developed and tested for the study:
Ho: There is no statistical significant relationship between climate change and urban growth and development in Nigeria.
1.6 Significance of the Study
The study is important for many reasons. The following are the major stakeholders this paper through its practical and theoretical implications and findings will be of great significance:
Firstly, the paper will benefit major stakeholders and policy makers in the Geography sector. The various analysis, findings and discussions outlined in this paper will serve as a guide in enabling major positive changes in the industry and sub-sectors.
Secondly, the paper is also beneficial to the organizations used for the research. Since first hand data was gotten and analysed from the organization, they stand a chance to benefit directly from the findings of the study in respect to their various organizations. These findings will fast track growth and enable productivity in the organisations used as a case study.
Finally, the paper will serve as a guide to other researchers willing to research further into the subject matter. Through the conclusions, limitations and gaps identified in the subject matter, other student and independent researchers can have a well laid foundation to conduct further studies.
1.7 Scope of the Study
The study is delimited to Kaduna South Metropolis. Findings and recommendations from the study reflects the views and opinions of respondents sampled in the area. It may not reflect the entire picture in the population.
1.8 Limitations of the Study
The major limitations of the research study are time, financial constraints and delays from respondents. The researcher had difficulties combining lectures with field work. Financial constraints in form of getting adequate funds and sponsors to print questionnaires, hold Focus group discussions and logistics was recorded. Finally, respondents were a bit reluctant in filling questionnaires and submitting them on time. This delayed the project work a bit.
1.9 Organization of the Study
The study is made up of five (5) Chapters. Chapter one of the study gives a general introduction to the subject matter, background to the problem as well as a detailed problem statement of the research. This chapter also sets the objectives of the paper in motion detailing out the significance and scope of the paper.
Chapter Two of the paper entails the review of related literature with regards to corporate governance and integrated reporting. This chapter outlines the conceptual reviews, theoretical reviews and empirical reviews of the study.
Chapter Three centers on the methodologies applied in the study. A more detailed explanation of the research design, population of the study, sample size and technique, data collection method and analysis is discussed in this chapter.
Chapter Four highlights data analysis and interpretation giving the readers a thorough room for the discussion of the practical and theoretical implications of data analyzed in the study.
Chapter Five outlines the findings, conclusions and recommendations of the study. Based on objectives set out, the researcher concludes the paper by answering all research questions set out in the study.
REFERENCES
Adelaja, Oluwafemi and Morenike Alaka. (2020). Climate Change Adaptation Strategies for Urban Development in Nigeria: A Review. Sustainability, 12(3), 980. DOI: 10.3390/su12030980.
Ayeni, B., Ajibola, O., & Awomeso, J. (2018). Impact of climate change on urban development in Nigeria: a review. Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development, 1(1), 1-11.
Fasona, M. (2017). Urbanization and the Changing Nature of Urban Development in Nigeria. In J. Yaro & T. Uchendu (Eds.), Urbanization and Sustainable Development in Africa (pp. 113-126). Springer.
Oyedeji, S. (2019). Urbanization, Climate Change and Sustainable Development in Nigeria. In A. E. Adedokun & G. N. Nwaiwu (Eds.), Urbanization and the Challenges of Emerging Environmental Threats in Africa (pp. 129-146). IGI Global.
Oyinloye, M. A., Odusina, A. G., & Adebayo, Y. R. (2019). Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation Strategies for Sustainable Urban Development in Nigeria. Journal of Environment and Earth Science, 9(5), 35-47. DOI: 10.7176/JEES/9-5-04.
