ABSTRACT
Pneumonia is an increasingly common disease in the elderly due to an aging population. In this study the prevalence of Streptococcus pneumonia (34%), which causes pneumonia amongst other organism that, causes pneumonia. The antibiotics sensitivity pattern was 25mm for ciprofloxacin and 20mm for Ceftolozane-Tazobactam. Several models have been postulated to predict severity assessment and prognosis in older patients. Other organism isolated were Klebsiella pneumonia and Staphylococcus aureus at us (36%), and (30%) respectively.
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 Introduction ------------------------------------------------------------------------1-2
1.2 Etiology ----------------------------------------------------------------------------2
1.3 Aims and objectives ------------------------------------------------------------- 3
1.4 Limitation ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature review ---------------------------------------------------------------- 4-12
2.1 Streptococcal pneumonia ------------------------------------------------------ 7-9
2.3 The elderly population ---------------------------------------------------------- 9-10
2. 4 Europe -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10-12
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Materials and methods ----------------------------------------------------------- 13
3.1 Equipment and solvents ---------------------------------------------------------- 13
3.2 Sample collection --------------------------------------------------------------- 14-15
3.3 Media preparation -------------------------------------------------------------- 15
3.3.1 Preparation of media --------------------------------------------------------- 15-16
3. 4 Selection and subculture of some selected Streptococcus colonies---- 16-17
3.5 Gram staining of specimen --------------------------------------------------- 17
3.6 Gram staining of colony isolated from subculture ------------------------- 17-18
3.7 Antibiotics testing --------------------------------------------------------------- 18
3.8 Biochemical test ------------------------------------------------------------------ 19
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Result --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20-36
4.1 Result analysis ---------------------------------------------------------------- 36
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Discussion --------------------------------------------------------------------- 43-45
5.1 Conclusion --------------------------------------------------------------------- 45-46
5.2 Recommendations------------------------------------------------------------- 46
References ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 47-49.
LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES
Table 1: Table listing the Gram positive, Gram negative organism and fungi present in sputum.
Table 2: Showing the result of gram staining charascter on microscope.
Table 3: Showing the result for biochemical test culture characteristics inclusive.
Table 4: Result and Description from Various Patients Sputum Cultured Of Elderly Population from the Three Hospital.
Table 5: The age range and those affected.
Table 6: Showing the result of the antibiotics test.
Table 7: Abbreviation and meaning of all antibiotics used.
FIGURES
Figure 1: A Graph showing the rate of frequency distribution of organism on different patient sputum isolated.
Figure 2: Streptococcus pneumonia showing a α- heamolysis on blood agar
Figure 3: Klebsiella pneumonia growing in blood agar
Figure 4: Streptococcus pneumonia growth on chocolate agar.
Figure 5: showing growth of Staphylococcus aureus on Nutrient agar.
