ABSTRACT
This project is based on design and construction of a microcontroller process batch counter using limit switch. The project is basically on microcontroller controls circuitry. The microcontroller controls the operation, decision and functions of the device. The system consist of a conveyor belt an electric control unit and switching unit, the system conveyor carries the load or item from one end “A” to another end “B” of which the load passes through the limit switch position thereby closing the contact to enable the system count the object and register it on the seven segment display board. The device is used in batch and mass production manufacturing and branding of products.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page - - - - - - - - - - - i
Certification - - - - - - - - - - ii
Dedication - - - - - - - - - - - iii
Acknowledgement - - - - - - - - - iv
Abstract - - - - - - - - - - - v
Table of Contents - - - - - - - - - vi
List of Tables - - - - - - - - - - xi
List of Figures - - - - - - - - - - x
CHAPTER ONE
1.0.0 Introduction- - - - - - - - - - 1
1.0.1 The production batch counter with limit switch - - - 2
1.0.2 Aims and objective- - - - - - - - - 4
1.0.3 Scope of the project - - - - - - - - - 4
CHAPTER TWO
2.0.0 Literature review- - - - - - - - - 5
2.0.1 Limit switch/object sensor - - - - - - - 5
2.0.2 Limit switch - - - - - - - - - - 5
2.0.3 Sensor circuit- - - - - - - - - - 5
2.0.4 Signal conditioner - - - - - - - - - 6
2.0.5 The driver (dc motor) - - - - - - - - 7
2.0.6 Component review - - - - - - - - - 7
2.0.7 Capacitor - - - - - - - - - - - 9
2.0.8 Seven segment displays - - - - - - - - 10
2.0.9 Quartz crystal - - - - - - - - - 11
2.1.0 The power supply unit- - - - - - - - 12
2.1.1 The diode- - - - - - - - - - - 13
2.1.2 The voltage regulator- - - - - - - - - 15
2.1.3 The 8051 microcontroller- - - - - - - - 15
2.1.4 Pinout description - - - - - - - - - 18
2.1.5 Input/output ports (I/O ports) - - - - - - 21
2.1.6Memory organization- - - - - - - - - 24
2.1.7 Counters and timers- - - - - - - - - 33
2.1.8Microcontroller interrupts - - - - - - - - 40
CHAPTER THREE
3.0.0 Design- - - - - - - - - - - 49
3.0.1 The hardware design - - - - - - - - - 49
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3.0.2 Design specifications - - - - - - - - - 49
3.0.3 Design of the detection circuit - - - - - - 49
3.0.4 The limit switch - - - - - - - - - 49
3.0.5 The micro controller unit- - - - - - - - 52
3.0.6 Design of the switching circuit - - - - - - 54
3.0.7 Software design - - - - - - - - - 56
3.0.8 Algorithm - - - - - - - - - - 56
3.0.9Flow chart - - - - - - - - - - 57
3.1.0 Principle of operation - - - - - - - - 59
3.1.1 Project circuit - - - - - - - - - 60
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0.0 Construction- - - - - - - - - 61
4.0.1 Hardware construction- - - - - - - 61
4.0.2 Constructional procedure- - - - - - - - 61
4.0.3 Software dimension - - - - - - - 62
4.0.4 Testing and result of the microcontroller- - - - 64
4.0.5 Bill of engineering materials - - - - - - 64
4.0.6 Observation/precaution- - - - - - - - 66
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0.0 Conclusion and recommendation - - - - - 67
5.0.1 Recommendation- - - - - - - - 67
5.0.2 Conclusion- - - - - - - - - 67
Reference- - - - - - - - - - - 69
