CHAPTER ONE:
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study
Electricity supply is one the economic infrastructural facilities that are indispensable to a nation’s economic development. The efficiency of the supply of electricity will not only influence returns on investment on existing enterprises, it also plays a major role in the creation of an economic environment which influences decisions on potential investment.
The electricity which is the main source of power for our domestic consumption, industrial development, center of learning and medical centers should really be rehabilitated into enhancement of productivity.
However power failure has resulted in people buying generators for their own daily activity. Other businesses are also not functioning due to absence of constant power supply. These are the reasons that necessitate the designing and construction of inverter and other standby system that can deliver maximum output power to the load. As society grows from simple to complex, mankind began to spread all over the earth and so itbecomes necessary to enjoy power using inverter.
Statistics have shown that the number of business that have been closed simply because of power problem and cannot be over emphasized, so mankind need inverter seriously in other to restore technology development, businesses, communications, learning center and medical centers. However, the background of the study lies within the reason why and the construction of inverter should be forwarded and factor that enhance inverter marketability.
Finally, the success of this study will be beneficial to the society at large. Mass production of inverters will lead to improve standard of living of the populace and the nation will move forward in it pursuit of technological development.
1.2 Problem Statement
As a result of continuous power failure and fluctuation in power supply by Power Holding Company of Nigeria (PHCN), sensitive appliances and system are affected by interruption power supply. Then, this project is to provides a back-up and reliable power supply of 5000kva to power a standard five bedroom flat.
1.3 Aim and objective
The aim of this project is to design and construct a circuit that will take a 24v dc input from battery and provide a 5000VA output that will be able to supply a standard five bedroom flat. The objectives are:-
v To design a circuit that will convert dc to ac power for various appliances used in domestic home.
v To provide a noiseless source of electricity generation.
v To have a source of generating electricity that has no negative effect on the environment (i.e. no greenhouse effect).
v To provide a source of electricity power with low maintenance cost and zero fuel cost.
1.4 Scope of the Project
The Scope of this project is to design and construct an inverter with output power rating of 5kVA, maximum output current of 22.72A, output voltage of 220V AC from a 24V DC input This project is basically designed for single phase domestic loads.The project is to be realized using simple and relatively cheap components available in the local markets.
1.5 Methodology
v To achieve the aim and objectives of this work, the following are the steps involved.
v Study of the previous work on the project so as to improve it efficiency.
v Draw a block diagram.
v Design and calculation for charge controller and inverter.
v Studying of various component charge controller and inverter circuit.
v Construct a charge controller and an inverter circuit.
1.6 Motivation
Inverter are the best when it comes to back-up since they can come up very fast and they generate little or no noise unlike generator. Even in an area with constant power supply, power outage due to natural cause and faults are usually unannounced. It is therefore very important to prevent causalities and loss of goodwill by having a reliable back-up power installed.
1.7 Report Outline
This report is made up of five chapters. The first chapter gives an introduction to the general concept of power and gives the motivation and objectives which the project report seek to achieve. It also explains the scope of the project and the problem statement. The second chapter discusses the critical review of the technical and academic literature on previous works, methodology and it also identifies modification made.
The third chapter discusses the principle of operation of the power inverter, design and calculation of all the basic stages. Chapter four of this project report contain the final construction and design process, soldering, maintenance. etc. testing and test result were also compiled.The fifth chapter contains the conclusion and recommendation of this report.
