CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Funding of the federal parastatals is the provision of finance of the parastatals of special purpose. In a taste are federal parastatals, funding could be provided of the maintenance of plant and machineries and development of manpower needs, purchase of vehicle, payment of salary and wages, etc. the ability of any parastatals to archive its objective rest on squarely on whether it is adequately funded by its beneficiaries.
The federal government of Nigeria establish some of the parastatals of the accomplishment of some of its objective which are of immense benefit to both the federal government and its citizenry. Some of this parastatla include both limited to the following
(i) Federal radio cooperation Enugu Nigeria (FRC)
(ii) Nigeria coal cooperation (NCC)
(iii) Nigeria television authority (NTA)
(iv) Nigeria Electric power authority (NEPA)
(v) Nigeria rail way cooperation (NRC)
(vi) Federal air port authority of Nigeria (FAAN)
(vii) National Orthopedic hospitals and others (NOH)
These federal parastatals are established to provide goods and service, which the private sector cannot provide as a result of irresistible capital fund. The parastatals are therefore 100% owned by the federal government of Nigeria.
Sequel to the business activity of these parastatals including their performance reference, the research intends to investigate whether the federal government provide adequate or inadequate capital fund of their efficiency operation.
In an effort to save time and as well minimize the cost that is usually associated with carrying out this type of research project such as this, the researcher has chosen the federal radio cooperation Enugu station as a case of study. At the ends of the study, the adequacy of the parastatals for their efficient and effective cooperation.
OVERVIEW OF THE RADIO BROADCASTING
Sound broadcasting as easily been ranked as one of the greatest achievement ever recorded by man in the twenty first century, sound broadcast and its counterpart.
Electronic has revolutionaries man rate and his social and economic interception with his fellow human beings, and sound broadcasting has in recent time fashioned or directed political thought and practice in the contemporal world. It has compressed the globe through its electro magnetic wave into sample broadcasting unit. When you sit in your room, you can press a knot there and tore with the help of the remote control enjoy or acquaint your self with the event that is going on the globe. Radio broadcasting has hardly arrived when the television added a new dimension to broadcast.
Television removes the listener’s perpetual handicap to tell stories or deliver the entertainment. News and entertainment can be viewed in the television. Even at that radio has remain the matter of broadcasting service.
The arrival o transistor in radio took broadcasting into every doorstep of any dick and Harry. In fact very where you fill free to enjoy including the lavatories. Housewife now keep their radio by their side as they plait their hairs and do other house hold works. The farmer in the countryside places his radio one side as he doses his work. The same happen to cattle riearers as they listen to music while the work. It is therefore necessary to find out whether adequate funding to he federal radio cooperation of Nigeria Enugu state, available for broadcasting in the territories. Latter the BBC encouraged the colonial station to broadcast the empire service. This offer was accepted in Nigeria. The BBC through its energ7y on where to provide the farm work for newly created broadcasting service in the colonies and in the case in Nigeria. The new broadcast from London set a new pattern, which in time became an integral part of broadcasting development in the federation. In 1932, it recorded that the Lagos wireless station received all empire broadcasting news by shortage of the manpower necessitated by inadequate funding which ore vented a conformation of the experiment on broadcasting from Lagos.
THE REDIFFUSION ERA
The rediffusion was the era when PT by means of rediffusion replayed BBC broadcast and programmers to subscribers. The Nigeria post and telegrammed department but a new method of broadcasting and distributing information to populace n such areas like Kano, Lagos and Ibadan. The cooperation in conjunction with the empire broadcasting service. The P&T by means of rediffusion boozes the British broadcasting to subscribers who $ 2.00 annually. This method was describe at Enugu national station against its objective of informing, Educating and entertaining the populace.
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Federal radio cooperation of which at 19984 has state station in all the state of the federation has reverted to its pre 1981 status that limits its scope of operation to four zonal station normally. The F.R.C Enugu, Ibadan, Lagos with the national headquarters at the federal capital territory Abuja. The 19 state stations have been closed and only about half of the state retain properly as a result of lack of adequate funding. There use to be as of 1984 federal radio station in all that state of the federation, unfortunately because of the minitry government lean resource, the erffamart of the extension living of the political class, plundering of the national funds by selfish politician of the second republic, the state station were closed down. Never the less the federal government still want to reach the masses via radio broadcasting which is the effective medium of new dissemination in the comp temporary Nigeria mores now that the statute in Nigeria are increasing in number (30). Federal radio cooperation of Nigeria is now partially commercialized. This happened when the technical committee on commercialization and privatization (TPC) deemed it necessary to allowed them to operate a commercial and also trim thee workforce to the size thy can carry. As a result of this, they lean on the federal government on the major part of its existence. The federal government gave hem subvention received by the national headquarter is shared among the zonal office almost equally. The subvention do not carry al the operation cost of the zonal office. As a restful of this each zonal arguments its cost with the commercial intake. The commercial include sale of news time, personal paid announcement (PPA) example obituary, meeting and lunching etc. sports announcement like the giggle forum time, outside broadcasting coverage, sponsored programme like the religious programme, social programme like teach the world. It is therefore imperative that the federal government should fund FRC Enugu from where Enugu national station was born adequately. F.R.C.N. when adequately funded can establish their station in each state of the federation so that there could be grass root dissemination of information in via radio cooperation.
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The aim the objective of this research work is;
- To review the funding of the F.R.C.E. Enugu by the federal government from 1991 to 1995 with the view of finding out the achievement so far
- Ascertaining the adequacy of the subvention allocated to it in relation to its functions.
- The find out the need to the case adequate funding of FRCN together with other federal parastatla
- to make recommendation base on the findings
SIGNIFICANCE
Sound broadcasting in the contemporary Nigeria is the only cheap and affordable means of disseminating information. His is a pointer to the fact that any effect geared towards the funding of any fedr4ealo parastatla is the step in right direction. Adequate funding of the F.R.C.N will lead to the fulfillment of the cooperation obligation of transmitting information to the grass root thereby arresting the grape vine information. Successful completion of this study will lead itself to towards of improving the service and function of the F.R,.C.N. we will be happy to own a broadcasting network that equals the BBC and V.O.A.
STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESIS
The hypothesis is a tentative generization, which can be proved with imperial evidence. There are two type of hypothesis viz; a null hypothesis is a hypothesis of no effect or no different while an alternative is a hypothesis of the proportion that may be accepted if the statically hypothesis is rejected by the sample evidence. Data are collected, analysed and interpreted with a view of accepting or rejecting the hypothesis. The data collected fro this research will simply be from federal radio cooperation Enugu of Nigeria national station.. We have the hypothesis as follows;
Ho: subvention mad available to the F.R.C.N are not adequate for its operation
Hi: subvention mad available to the F.R.C.N are adequate for its operation
Ho: fund allocated to the F.R.C.N are. Mismanaged
Ha: fund allocated to the F.R.C.N Enugu are not mismanaged.
Ho; fund that are allocated to the F.R.C.N has not enhance productivity
And efficiency in F.R.C.N
Ha: adequate funding enhances the productivity and the efficiency in F.R.C.N
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The studies in center join the radio broadcasting under the umbrella of the federal radio cooperation national station Enugu, Ibadan, Kaduna and Lagos with Enugu as a reference point. The study shall concern itself with the modus oparadi funding of the state radio station, the study covers the period of 1990 to 1995.
LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The most nagging problem facing the study is to obtain the reference material. Books in radio broadcasting are not easy to come by. People that have broadcasting trait are not easy t find and there are difficulties with the staff personnel accepting to give out information and annual subvention documents
Time:
The research is expected to produce far-reaching result which could have require time to make in-depth personal observation possible. Since the paper has not been submitted within a specific time, I have utilized the much time available to me
Definition of terms:
B.B.C: British broadcasting cooperation
F.R.C.N: Federal radio cooperation of Nigeria
Frequency: The number of cycle emitted by a radio station very minutes
Globe: The world
Kilohertz: Thousands of Hertz
Megahertz: Million of hertz
Programme: The arrangement of radio output in the order that they should be broadcast.
P&T: Post and telegram department
Radio: The use of electronic wave of the purpose o broadcasting communication
Sub-broadcasting: Dissemination of new and information via the radio
V.O.A: Voice of America
